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Imprisonment is needed for regulating the offenders who commit any type of illegal activity which is not in favor of the society and its members. When a person is imprisoned in jail he is not only one who gets the punishment, but there are also hidden victims of the punishment. These hidden victims are family members of the punished persons, who left outside after confinement of the person. They not only face the economic problems but also the social stigma as well. Society treats criminal person’s family as offenders. Many social pressures are to be faced by the imprisoned person.
– Agnihotri, D.N. 1992. Crime and Punishments. C. Govind Nagar Kanpur: Aradhana Brothers. Ahuja, Ram. 1970.
– Coping with Stress: the Case of Prisoners’ Wives. Journal of Marriage and Family. Published by: National Council of Family Relations Coping with Wives. Vol: 46. No. 3. (pp 699-708). Haristan, C.F. 1991.
– Female Offenders in India. Meerut; Meenakshi Parkashan. Ariela, Lowenstein. Aug. 1984.
– Keeping in Touch: The Case for Family Support Work in Prison. London: prison Reform Trust. Report by SCCJR (The Scottish Centre for Crime &Justice Research) publishing by University of Glasgow: School of Education.
– Prisoners and Their Families: Parenting Issues During Incarceration. The Urban Institute Press. Washington: DC 7 Loucks, N. 2005 .
Desh Bhagat University,
Off to NH-44, Amloh Road, Mandi Gobindgarh,
District Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab- 147301, India