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In sixteenth century, the ‘romantic’ movement in Europe, in the background of Renaissance, had generated a lot of interest and inquisitiveness about the past and the orient, particularly India, with emphasis on trade routes leading to India as well as study of its culture, trade, economy, polity, history, language, literature, religions, philosophy, medicinal systems, antiquities, art and architecture.The maritime discoveries and the arrival of European traders and travelers in India started introducing profound changes in the social, political, and economic traditions and institutions of India which ultimately led to the establishment of colonial rule in India over the next couple of centuries. These processes initiated a new phase of globalization, colonization, and multi-culturalism. In the present research paper,a review of the contribution of Garcia d’Orta, a Portuguese physician, herbalist and naturalist in the study and introduction of Indian indigenous medicinal systems to the western world has been presented.
– A rocky headland on the Atlantic coast of the Cape Peninsula in South Africa.
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– They were typically square-rigged and had three or more decks and masts.
– The “conversations” refer to the dialogues, and the “simples” refer to the wild varieties of plants and their medicinal properties. Malabari, Phiroze B.M. (1910). Bombay in the making. London: T. Fisher Unwin. p. 21.
– At the time of Bombay’s transfer to the English, the manor was occupied by Dona Ignez de a. Miranda, widow of Dom Rodrigo de Monsanto. It was in this house that the treaty by b. which Bombay was transferred to the English was signed by Humphrey Cooke on c. February 18, 1665.
– Bassein (Vasai) is a historical place and a town near Mumbai (Bombay)’s western suburbs, located in Palghar district which was partitioned from the Thane district in 2014. The Portuguese in Goa and Daman built the Bassein Fort to defend their colony and participate in the lucrative spice trade and the silk route that converged in the area. Da Cunha, J. Gerson (1900). The Origin of Bombay. Bombay: Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. pp. 98–114. 9. Friedenwald, H. (1941). The medical pioneers in the East Indies. Bulletin of the History of 13. Medicine, 9, 487-504.
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– Pioneiras da Cultura Portuguesa, volume 15, Primeiro livro de botanica. Lisboa: Círculo 27. de Leitores. 28. 17. It was a common convention during this period to write books in the form of a dialogue. 29. 18. https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionaries-thesauruses-pictures-and-press-30. releases/orta-garcia-dor-da-orta. Last Accessed on 9th November, 2021.
– It must be noted that it was common to forcefully obtain testimonies through torture. 32. When Catarina da Orta was taken to be burnt at the stake, she confessed that“the reason 33. of her false denunciations was because it appeared to her that she might receive mercy a. and would save her life, and the devil would refrain from tempting her”. (Source: 34. https://daortagoa.wordpress.com/catharina-da-orta/ Last accessed on 11th November, 35. 2021)
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– Ficalho, C. D. (1886). Garcia da Orta e o seu tempo. Lisboa: Imprensa Nacional.
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– Pimentel, J., & Soler, I. (2014). Painting Naked Truth: The Colóquios of Garcia da Orta 57. (1563). Journal of Early Modern History, 18, 101-120. https://doi.org/10.1163/15700658-12342386
– This original copy is currently archived in the library of University of Cambridge, 60. England. 61. 33. Clusius’ Aliquot notae in Garciae Aromatum Historiam was published in 1582. This 43 62. pages booklet was a supplement to Garcia da Orta’s book.
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