International Journal of Dental Sciences & Research - Volumes & Issues - Volume 2: Dec 2022, Issue 2

The morphology and histology of thoracic sympathetic ganglia: A fetal study

  • Published: Dec 2022
Download PDF
Google Scholar

Authors

Ramandeep Kaur, Jaswinder Kaur, Kanchan Kapoor

DOI Number

–

Keywords

Thoracic, splanchni ,Fetus, Ganglion, Neuroblast

Abstract

Introduction: The thoracic sympathetic trunk possesses 12 ganglia, one corresponding to each thoracic nerve, it lies anterior to head of ribs or side of the body of thoracic vertebrae. Splanchnic nerves arise from the thoracic ganglia and supply thoracic and abdominal viscera.

Material and Method: The present study included 50 preserved fetus specimens sent for routine autopsy in Department of Anatomy, Government medical college and hospital, Chandigarh. The thoracic and abdominal wall of the fetus was incised, then all organs were removed to expose the sympathetic chain. Morphological observations were noted. Next the thoracic ganglion was removed and fixed in paraffin for the histological processing in different gestational ages.

Observation: The fetus were divided into 4 age group (Group A=11-15weeks, Group B=15+_20weeks, Group C=20+_25weeks and Group D=25 weeks onwards)

Morphological observation: The length of thoracic chain was noted which was directly proportional to gestational age. The number of ganglia showed variability 12 in 22 cases,11 in 18 cases and 10 in 7 cases. The origin of splanchnic nerves from thoracic ganglia was quite variable.

Histological observation: In group A the neuroblast cells were observed with eccentric nucleus. Presence of satellite cells was noticed in group B surrounding neuroblasts. In group C, some neuroblasts were seen undergoing mitosis whereas others slowed more differentiation. In group D mature adult like neuroblasts were seen with processes, satellite cell sheath and perinuclear halo.

References

  1. Cunningham DJ. Notes on the great splanchnic ganglion. Jour nal of Anatomy.1875; 9: 303–05.
  2. Lumley JSP,Craven JL,Aitken JT.Essential anatomy and some clinical applications ,Churchill Livingstone,Edenburgh Hong kong.1995.
  3. Last R.J and Mc Minn R.M.H. Last’s anatomy, regional and ap plied. 6th Ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone.1994.
  4. Lobstein JF. De nervisympathetici humanifabrica. F. G. Levrault, Paris.1923.
  5. Naidoo N, Partab P, Pather N, Moodly J, Singh B, and Satyapal KS. Thoracic splanchnic nerves; implication for splanchnic denervation. J Anat. 2001; 199:585-90.
  6. Elias M. Cervical sympathetic and stellate ganglion blocks. Pain Physician. 2000; 3(3):294-304.
  7. Kuntz A. Components of splanchnic and intermesenteric nerves. J Comp Neurol. 1956; 105:251-268.
  8. Mitchell GAG. Anatomy of the Autonomic Nervous System. Edinburgh: E & S Livingstone;1953.
  9. Pick J, Sheehan D.Sympathetic rami in man J. Anat.1946;80;12- 20.
  10. Keibel, F Mall FP: Manual of human embryology. 2nd Ed JP Lippincott Co., Philadelphia: 1912; 28-33.
  11. Brizze KR, Kuntz A.The histogenesis of sympathetic ganglionic cells. An experimental study.1950; Jn of N. Pathgy and expert Neurology 9: 164-9.
  12. Groen GJ, Baljet B, Boekelaar AB, Drukker J.Branches of the thoracic sympathetic trunk in the human fetus.Anat Embryol (Berl). 1987;176(4):401-11.
  13. Kommuru H, Jothi S, Bapuji P, Sree D L, Antony J. Thoracic part of sympathetic chain and its branching pattern variations in South Indian cadavers. J Clin Diagn Res.2014;8(12).
  14. Naidoo N,Partab P, Pather N, Moodley J, Singh B, Satyapal KS.. Thoracic splanchnic nerves: Implications for splanchnic denervation. J Anat. 2001; 199:585–90.
  15. Rathinam S. Nanjaiah P, Sivalingam S, Rajesh P B. Excision of sympathetic ganglia and the rami communicantes with histological confirmation offers better early and late outcomes in Video assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomy. J Cardiothorac. Surg.2008; 3:50.
  16. Saccomanno G. The components of the upper thoracic sympathetic nerves.J.Comp. Neurol.1943; 79(3):355-378.
  17. Bradley EL III, Bem.Nerve blocks and neuroablative surgery for chronic pancreatitis. World J Surg.2003; 27:1241–48.
  18. Kiran S.The Histogenesis Of Neurons In Human Sympathetic Ganglia – A Light Microscopic Study. J Anat. Soc. India.2002; 51(2): 148-155

How to cite

–

Journal

International Journal of Dental Sciences & Research

ISSN

-

Periodicity

Bi-Annual

Leading Research Intensive & Industry Driven University
Study at Leading Research Intensive
& Industry Driven University

University Campus

Desh Bhagat University,
Off to NH-44, Amloh Road, Mandi Gobindgarh,
District Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab- 147301, India