International Journal of Dental Sciences & Research - Volumes & Issues - Volume 2: Dec 2022, Issue 2

To determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern in dental patients

Authors

Raj Kumar Wasan

DOI Number

Keywords

Pus, Resistance, Antibiotic, Sensitive

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study to determine the antimicrobial resistance pattern in dental patients.

Methods and Materials: This research involved 80 participants. Pus samples were collected at the department of microbiology for bacterial isolation and identification. Samples were put into MacConkey agar culture medium plates, which were then incubated for 24 hours to see whether any bacteria grew. Those samples that were positive after 24 hours were subjected to grams staining. Antibiotic disc diffusion techniques were utilised for manual assessment of sensitivity and resistance of bacteria. The diameter of the colony as measured in millimetres was used to detect and distinguish between sensitive and resistant conditions.

Results: The research found that the most patients were 45-65 years old, with 35 (43.75%), followed by 25-45 years old, with 26(32.5%), over 65 years old, with 15 (28.75%), and under 25 years old, with 4 (5%) patients. Out of 80 pus samples, 54 (67.5%) show positive culture whereas 26 (32.5%) samples yielded no growth. Apart from other isolates such as Escherichia coli (12.96%), Coagulase negative staphylococcus (29.63%), and Streptococcus sp (7.41%), the most prevalent grame positive bacteria identified were Staphylococcus aureus (33.33%) and Klebsiella pneumonia (16.67%). Most antibiotics were resistant, such as amikacin, gentamicin, imipenem, cefazolin, and others, while by manual method there was Staphylococcus aureus 88.89% sensitivity with Teigocycline, Colistin, and Fosfomycin, and both nitrofurantoin 16.67% and netilimycin 5.56% sensitivity. Most antibiotics, such as Amikacin, Gentamicin, Imipenem, cefazolin, and others, were resistant, however by manual technique, E.coli was responsive to Colistin 6(85.71%), Teigocycline 4(57.14%), Fosfomycin 6(85.71%), Nitrofurantoin 1(14.29%), and Netilimycin 1(14.29%), as indicated.

Conclusion: Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant risk to human health. Inappropriate antibiotic usage in healthcare and animal husbandry are major contributors to antimicrobial resistance. A concerted effort from all relevant authorities to fight antimicrobial resistance in all aspects is required to prevent bacteria from becoming resistant, resulting in serious consequences for human health and the future economy.

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How to cite

Journal

International Journal of Dental Sciences & Research

ISSN

-

Periodicity

Bi-Annual